B2b · GRAMÁTICA · TEMA 8
Passive forms: have something done y pasiva impersonal
Más allá de la pasiva básica: encargar servicios, hablar de rumores y opiniones generales, y usar la pasiva con modales.
⏱️ En 30 segundos
✅ have / get + objeto + participio: alguien lo hace por ti. I had my hair cut.
✅ It is said / believed that…: opiniones generales.
✅ He is said to be… / is thought to have…: lo mismo, con sujeto personal.
✅ Pasiva con modales: must be done, should have been done.
🇪🇸 Cómo se dice en español
I had my hair cut → Me corté el pelo (en la peluquería)
have something done → mandar a hacer algo
It is said that… / He is believed to… → Se dice que… / Se cree que él…
This must be signed → Esto debe firmarse
1. Estructuras
Estructura
Uso
Ejemplo
have sth done
Servicio que encargas
I'm having my car repaired.
It is said that…
Opinión general
It is said that the house is haunted.
sb is said to…
Igual, sujeto personal
He is said to be a millionaire.
modal + be done
Pasiva con modales
This form must be signed.
2. En contexto
We had our house painted last month.
Mandamos a pintar la casa el mes pasado.
She got her phone stolen on the bus.
Le robaron el móvil en el bus. (algo negativo)
The thieves are believed to have escaped to Colombia.
Se cree que los ladrones escaparon a Colombia.
The report should have been finished yesterday.
El informe debería haberse terminado ayer.
⚠️ Errores típicos de hispanohablantes
I cut my hair yesterday. (en la peluquería)
✓ I had my hair cut yesterday.
Si lo hizo otra persona: have sth done.
I had repaired my car.
✓ I had my car repaired.
Orden: have + objeto + participio.
It is said he to be rich.
✓ He is said to be rich. / It is said that he is rich.
Dos estructuras distintas.
This must be finish today.
✓ This must be finished today.
modal + be + participio.
✍️ Practica
Elige la respuesta correcta. Te decimos al instante si acertaste.
I need to ___ before the wedding.|have my suit cleaned; clean my suit by someone; have cleaned my suit|0|have + objeto + participio.
It ___ that the president will resign.|says; is said; is saying|1|Pasiva impersonal.
She is believed ___ the country last week.|to leave; to have left; leaving|1|Acción pasada: to have + participio.
All phones must ___ off during the exam.|be switched; switched; be switch|0|modal + be + participio.
We're ___ a new kitchen fitted next week.|having; making; doing|0|have sth done.
The letter should ___ sent yesterday.|be; have been; been|1|Pasado: should have been.
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