A2b · GRAMÁTICA · TEMA 3
Have to, don't have to y must
Obligación y falta de obligación. Cuidado: "don't have to" no significa lo que parece.
⏱️ En 30 segundos
✅ have to = tener que (obligación): I have to work.
✅ don't have to = no hace falta (es opcional).
✅ mustn't = está prohibido.
✅ Pasado: had to / didn't have to.
🇪🇸 Cómo se dice en español
I have to work → Tengo que trabajar
You don't have to pay → No tienes que pagar / No hace falta pagar
Do you have to…? → ¿Tienes que…?
I had to → Tuve que / Tenía que
1. Obligación, opción y prohibición
have to
es necesario
I have to wear a uniform.
She has to get up at 5.
don't have to
no es necesario
You don't have to pay. It's free.
He doesn't have to work today.
mustn't
está prohibido
You mustn't smoke here.
You mustn't be late.
2. Formas y tiempos
Forma
Presente
Pasado
afirmativa
I have to / she has to
I had to
negativa
I don't have to
I didn't have to
pregunta
Do you have to…?
Did you have to…?
💡 Pronunciación natural: have to suena "haf-ta" y has to suena "has-ta".
⚠️ Errores típicos de hispanohablantes
You don't have to smoke here. (= prohibido)
✓ You mustn't smoke here.
don't have to = no es necesario, no prohibido.
She have to work.
✓ She has to work.
he / she / it: has to.
I must to go.
✓ I must go. / I have to go.
must sin to.
Yesterday I must work.
✓ Yesterday I had to work.
must no tiene pasado: had to.
✍️ Practica
Elige la respuesta correcta. Te decimos al instante si acertaste.
The museum is free. You ___ pay.|don't have to; mustn't|0|No es necesario: don't have to.
You ___ use your phone in the exam.|don't have to; mustn't|1|Prohibido: mustn't.
My dad ___ work on Saturdays.|have to; has to|1|he: has to.
Last year I ___ take the bus every day.|must; had to; have to|1|Pasado: had to.
___ you have to wear a uniform at work?|Do; Are; Must|0|Do you have to…?
It's Sunday! I ___ get up early.|don't have to; mustn't|0|No es necesario.
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