B1b · GRAMÁTICA · TEMA 8
Reported speech: contar lo que alguien dijo
Para repetir lo que dijo otra persona, el verbo suele "retroceder" un tiempo, igual que en español: "dijo que estaba cansado".
⏱️ En 30 segundos
✅ Afirmaciones: said (that) / told me (that) + tiempo hacia atrás.
✅ Preguntas: asked if / asked where… + orden normal (sin do/did).
✅ Órdenes y peticiones: told / asked + persona + (not) to + verbo.
✅ Say sin persona; tell siempre con persona: She told me…
🇪🇸 Cómo se dice en español
She said (that) she was tired → Dijo que estaba cansada
He told me to wait → Me dijo que esperara
She asked if I was ready → Me preguntó si estaba listo
He told me not to worry → Me dijo que no me preocupara
1. Los tiempos retroceden
Dijo
Reported
Cambio
"I'm tired."
She said she was tired.
am → was
"I've lost my keys."
He said he had lost his keys.
have lost → had lost
"I'll help you."
She said she would help me.
will → would
"I can swim."
He said he could swim.
can → could
2. Preguntas y órdenes
She asked me where I lived.
"Where do you live?" → orden normal, sin do.
He asked if I was coming to the party.
Preguntas de sí/no: if o whether.
The teacher told us to open our books.
Orden: told + persona + to.
My mum asked me not to be late.
Petición negativa: not to.
💡 También cambian otras palabras: today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, here → there.
⚠️ Errores típicos de hispanohablantes
She said me that she was busy.
✓ She told me that she was busy.
Con persona: tell.
He asked me where did I work.
✓ He asked me where I worked.
Sin did, orden de afirmación.
She told me that I close the door.
✓ She told me to close the door.
Órdenes: to + verbo.
He told me don't worry.
✓ He told me not to worry.
Negativo: not to.
✍️ Practica
Elige la respuesta correcta. Te decimos al instante si acertaste.
"I'm hungry." → He said he ___ hungry.|is; was; has been|1|am → was.
She ___ me she was leaving.|said; told; asked|1|Con persona: told.
"Where do you work?" → She asked me where I ___ .|worked; did work; do work|0|Sin auxiliar, tiempo atrás.
"Don't shout!" → He told us ___ .|not shout; not to shout; to not shouting|1|told + persona + not to.
"Are you ready?" → She asked ___ I was ready.|if; that; what|0|Sí/no: if.
"I'll call you." → He said he ___ call me.|will; would; can|1|will → would.
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